SbP,H,L,X = Sequencing by Polymerase, Hybridization, Ligase, eXpansion.
SERS = Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
FRET = Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer.
STM = Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.
SPR = Surface Plasmon Resonance.
MS = Mass Spectrometry
Pushkarev et al 2009 Year Estimated cost Technology Ref. Machine runs Authors Coverage 2001 $300,000,000 Sanger (ABI) 1 ? 251 4 2001 $100,000,000 Sanger (ABI) 2 100,000 274 5 2007 $10,000,000 Sanger (ABI) 3 100,000 31 7 2008 $2,000,000 Roche(454) 4 234 27 7 2008 $1,000,000 Illumina 5 98 48 33 2008 $500,000 Illumina 6 35 77 36 2008 $250,000 Illumina 7 40 196 30 2009 $48,000 Helicos This work 4 3 28 Table S1: Comparison of estimated cost and effort in published human genome sequences. The cost column refers to estimated consumables and the number of authors is an estimate of labor.Table S5: Historical human genome sequencing costs that have improved after these genomes (including this work) were sequenced. JDW costs may include more than consumable costs. Our costs were calculated from the amount and purchase prices of reagents (including labware and sequencing substrates) used in generating all raw reads resulting in the reported number of mapped reads.
Drmanac et al. 2010 Average Reported Estimated Reported sequencing cost per Year Reference Technology Sample Coverage consumables 40-fold depth (fold) cost coverage 2007 S4 Sanger(ABI) JCV 7 $10,000,000 $57,000,000 2008 S5 Roche(454) JDW 7 $1,000,000 $5,700,000 2008 S6 Illumina NA18507 30 $250,000 $330,000 2009 S7 Helicos SRQ 28 $48,000 $69,000 2009 this work this work NA07022 87 $8,005 $3,700 2009 this work this work NA19240 63 $3,451 $2,200 2009 this work this work NA20431 45 $1,726 $1,500
Most of the above focus on consumeable costs. The all-in costs (including labor, R&D, computing), can be estimated from the price of full human genomes in a service mode. As of Aug 2011 that is $4000 for bulk orders of 50 or more genomes from CompleteGenomics and Illumina
As of Sep-2014 the cost (at CGI & Illumina) is estimated at $1000, bt there is not publicly announced service at that (bulk) price. Single, clinical-grade WGS can be had for $5000.